Autism as a Diagnosed Condition:
Autism was first identified as a distinct disorder in 1943 by American child psychiatrist Leo Kanner. He described eleven children who experienced difficulty with communication and social interaction, and engaged in repetitive and restrictive behaviors. Since then, autism has been recognized as a complex neurodevelopmental disorder, with a wide range of symptoms and varying degrees of severity.
Diagnostic Criteria:
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) is the main diagnostic tool used by mental health professionals to diagnose mental health conditions. It outlines the criteria for diagnosing autism, including difficulties in social communication and interaction, as well as restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities.
Impact of Diagnosis:
Autism is often diagnosed in early childhood, although some people may not receive a diagnosis until adulthood. Receiving a diagnosis can be a positive step for many people, as it can help them access the support and services they need. This is especially important for adults, who may have gone through life without understanding the reasons for their difficulties.
Conclusion:
Since 1943, autism has been recognized as a distinct disorder. Diagnosis is based on criteria outlined in the DSM-5, and can provide individuals with a better understanding of their difficulties and access to support and services.