Atherosclerosis is a condition that affects the arteries and is caused by a buildup of plaque in the walls of the arteries. It is a major risk factor for heart attack and stroke. The exact cause of atherosclerosis is not clear, but it is believed to be a combination of lifestyle factors, such as smoking, lack of exercise, poor diet, and high cholesterol.
What Causes Atherosclerosis?
Atherosclerosis is caused by a buildup of fatty deposits, called plaque, in the walls of the arteries. These plaques are made up of cholesterol, calcium, and other substances found in the blood. Over time, the plaques can narrow the arteries and reduce the flow of blood and oxygen to the heart and other organs.
When Does Atherosclerosis Start?
Atherosclerosis can begin as early as childhood. It is a slow process, and most people do not notice any symptoms until they are in their 40s or 50s. However, some people may have a genetic predisposition to atherosclerosis and may be at an increased risk of developing the condition at an earlier age.
What Are the Risk Factors for Atherosclerosis?
There are a number of risk factors that can increase a person’s chances of developing atherosclerosis. These include high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle. Additionally, some people may be at an increased risk due to their family history.
How Is Atherosclerosis Diagnosed?
Atherosclerosis is usually diagnosed through tests that measure the arteries’ blood flow. These tests include an electrocardiogram (ECG), a stress test, or an angiogram. In some cases, doctors may also use ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to look for signs of the condition.