Alkaptonuria, also known as Ochronosis, is an inherited disorder that causes the body to accumulate a chemical called homogentisic acid. It is an autosomal recessive condition, which means that both parents must be carriers of the gene for the disorder to manifest. Symptoms usually begin to appear in early adulthood, but may not be noticed until later in life.
Symptoms of Alkaptonuria
The most common symptom of Alkaptonuria is the darkening and hardening of the skin, especially around the joints and in the ear and nose cartilage. This darkening is caused by the accumulation of homogentisic acid in the body. Other symptoms include joint pain and stiffness, blue-gray sclera (the whites of the eyes), and hearing loss.
Diagnosis of Alkaptonuria
Alkaptonuria is usually diagnosed through a blood test that looks for high levels of homogentisic acid. A urine test may also be done to look for the presence of the acid in the urine. Genetic testing may also be used to identify the gene responsible for the disorder.
Treatment of Alkaptonuria
There is no cure for Alkaptonuria, but there are treatments that can help manage symptoms. Medications are available to reduce the levels of homogentisic acid in the body and to reduce joint pain and stiffness. Physical therapy can also help to improve mobility and joint function.
When Does Alkaptonuria Develop?
Alkaptonuria usually begins to develop in early adulthood, but may not be noticed until later in life. If both parents are carriers of the gene for the disorder, then it is very likely that the affected person will develop the disorder at some point in their life.