Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a group of more than 150 related viruses, some of which can cause cancer. HPV is a very common virus and it is estimated that almost all sexually active people will get it at some point in their lives. Most people who get HPV do not even know they have it and never experience any symptoms. However, certain types of HPV can cause warts or cancer in the cervix, anus, vagina, vulva, penis, and oropharynx (back of the throat, including the base of the tongue and tonsils).
HPV and Cervical Cancer
HPV is the main cause of cervical cancer, the most common type of cancer among women worldwide. It is estimated that almost all cervical cancer cases are caused by HPV infection. HPV is spread through sexual contact and is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States. HPV is typically acquired soon after becoming sexually active, and the majority of people will be infected with HPV at some point in their lives.
Treatment for HPV-Related Cancers
The best way to reduce the risk of HPV-related cancers is to get vaccinated against HPV. The HPV vaccine is recommended for both boys and girls at age 11 or 12, but can be given up to age 26. Treatment for HPV-related cancers varies depending on the type and stage of cancer. In most cases, treatment is focused on surgical removal of the cancerous cells. In some cases, radiation and/or chemotherapy may also be used.