Bone cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the cells of the bones. It is rare and often occurs in children, adolescents, and young adults. It is less common in older adults. The exact cause of bone cancer is unknown, but certain risk factors have been identified.
Risk Factors
Certain factors may increase the risk of developing bone cancer, such as age, gender, genetic disorders, and radiation exposure.
Age: Bone cancer is most common in children and young adults.
Gender: Bone cancer is more common in males than in females.
Genetic Disorders: People with certain genetic disorders, such as Li-Fraumeni syndrome, are at an increased risk of developing bone cancer.
Radiation Exposure: People who have been exposed to high levels of radiation, such as those who have received radiation therapy to treat other types of cancer, are at an increased risk.
Symptoms
The most common symptoms of bone cancer are pain, swelling, and tenderness in the affected area. Other symptoms may include fever, chills, fatigue, and weight loss.
Diagnosis
If bone cancer is suspected, a physical exam and imaging tests will be performed. Imaging tests, such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRI scans, may be used to look for masses or tumors in the bone. A biopsy may also be performed to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment
Treatment for bone cancer depends on the type, size, and location of the tumor. Treatment may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of these treatments.
Prevention
There is no known way to prevent bone cancer. However, people can reduce their risk by avoiding exposure to radiation, avoiding smoking, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.