ALS, or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, is a progressive neurological disorder that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. It is a degenerative disease that causes muscle weakness and paralysis. The primary symptom of ALS is muscle weakness on one or both sides of the body, which can lead to difficulty with speaking, writing, swallowing, and breathing.
Symptoms of ALS
ALS can affect different parts of the body in different ways. Common signs and symptoms of ALS include:
• Muscle weakness or paralysis on one or both sides of the body
• Difficulty speaking, writing, or swallowing
• Loss of coordination and balance
• Muscle twitching or cramping
• Loss of bladder or bowel control
• Difficulty breathing
ALS usually affects one side of the body first, and then gradually spreads to the other side as the disease progresses. In some cases, ALS can affect both sides of the body at the same time.
Diagnosis of ALS
ALS is usually diagnosed through a medical history, physical examination, and a series of tests. The tests may include electromyography (EMG), a nerve conduction study, MRI or CT scans, and blood tests. In some cases, a lumbar puncture or spinal tap may be necessary to rule out other possible causes of the symptoms.
Treatment of ALS
There is no cure for ALS, but treatments are available to manage the symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. These treatments may include medications to reduce inflammation, physical therapy to maintain strength and mobility, and speech therapy to help improve communication. In some cases, a feeding tube may be necessary to ensure proper nutrition.