Albinism is a genetic condition that affects people of all races and ethnicities. It is estimated that about 1 in every 20,000 people worldwide is affected by albinism.
What Causes Albinism?
Albinism is caused by a mutation in one of the genes responsible for producing melanin, a pigment that gives skin, hair, and eyes their color. The defect in the gene can be passed down from either or both parents, and is most likely to occur in families with a history of albinism.
What Are the Symptoms of Albinism?
People with albinism typically have very light skin, hair, and eye colors. They may also have vision problems, such as nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism, and sensitivity to light. In addition, people with albinism may have problems with their depth perception.
How Is Albinism Treated?
There is no cure for albinism, but there are treatments available to help reduce the symptoms. These treatments may include wearing sunglasses to protect the eyes from bright light, using magnifying devices to aid in vision, and using specialized makeup to help camouflage skin discoloration.
What Are the Long-Term Effects of Albinism?
Albinism can lead to long-term effects, such as poor vision and skin cancer. People with albinism should take extra precautions to protect their eyes and skin from the sun's harmful UV rays. It is important to use sunscreen regularly and to wear protective clothing when outdoors.