AVMs (Arteriovenous Malformations) are abnormal connections between the arteries and veins. It is estimated that approximately one in every 200 people have an AVM. While most AVMs do not cause any symptoms, they can cause significant medical problems in some cases.
What is an AVM?
An AVM is an abnormal connection between an artery and a vein, usually in the brain or spine. The connection bypasses the normal capillary system, allowing blood to flow directly between the artery and the vein. This can lead to an increased risk of stroke, seizures, and other neurological complications.
What Percentage of AVMs Bleed?
The exact percentage of AVMs that bleed is not known. However, some studies have estimated that as many as 30% of AVMs may bleed, although this number may vary depending on the size and location of the AVM. Bleeding from an AVM can be life-threatening and should be treated immediately.
How is an AVM Diagnosed?
AVMs are typically diagnosed using imaging tests such as MRI or CT scans. These tests can provide detailed images of the brain or spine that can help identify the presence of an AVM. In some cases, a biopsy may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis.
What Are the Treatment Options for an AVM?
The treatment for an AVM depends on its size and location. In some cases, medications may be used to reduce the risk of bleeding. Surgery may be necessary to remove the AVM or to reduce its size. Radiosurgery is another option, which involves using highly focused radiation to destroy the AVM. In some cases, doctors may recommend a combination of treatments.