Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a condition in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys healthy red blood cells. This can lead to a shortage of red blood cells, which can cause symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and jaundice. AIHA can be caused by a number of different disorders, including infections, autoimmune diseases, and certain drugs.
Infections
Infections such as Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, and human parvovirus B19 can cause AIHA. These infections can cause the body to produce antibodies that attack the red blood cells.
Autoimmune Diseases
Autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and Sjogren's syndrome can cause AIHA. These diseases cause the body to produce antibodies that attack the red blood cells.
Certain Drugs
Certain drugs, such as penicillin, sulfonamides, and quinidine, can cause AIHA. These drugs can cause the body to produce antibodies that attack the red blood cells.
Other Causes
Other causes of AIHA include cancers such as lymphoma and leukemia, genetic conditions such as sickle cell anemia, and certain blood disorders such as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.
