Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin condition that can affect people of any age. It usually begins in early childhood and may persist into adulthood. AD affects up to 30 percent of the population worldwide.
Symptoms of Atopic Dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis is characterized by red, itchy, and scaly patches of skin. Common symptoms of AD include dry skin, redness, itching, flaking, and cracking. It can also cause bumps or blisters on the skin.
Stages of Atopic Dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis is typically divided into four stages: pre-inflammatory, inflammatory, post-inflammatory, and remission.
Pre-Inflammatory Stage: During this stage, the skin may appear normal, but itching can occur.
Inflammatory Stage: During this stage, the skin appears red and may be swollen. Itching and burning may be present. This is the most severe stage.
Post-Inflammatory Stage: This stage is characterized by skin thickening, scaling, and discoloration. Itching may still be present, but it is usually less severe than during the inflammatory stage.
Remission Stage: This is the final stage of atopic dermatitis. The symptoms are gone and the skin returns to its normal color.
Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis is usually treated with topical medications, such as corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, and immunomodulators. Oral medications, such as antihistamines, can also be used. Phototherapy, or light therapy, may also be used to control symptoms.