Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (WAIHA) is a disorder in which the body's immune system attacks its own red blood cells, causing them to break down faster than they can be replaced. It is a type of hemolytic anemia, a condition in which there is an abnormally rapid destruction of red blood cells.
Symptoms
People with WAIHA may experience a variety of symptoms, including fatigue, shortness of breath, pale skin, jaundice, and dark urine. Other symptoms may include a rapid heartbeat, dizziness, and cold hands and feet.
Diagnosis
WAIHA is usually diagnosed through a physical examination and a blood test. The doctor may also order a complete blood count to check the number of red blood cells in the body. If the doctor suspects WAIHA, they may order additional tests, such as an immunoglobulin test or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Treatment
Treatment for WAIHA depends on the severity of the disease. In mild cases, the doctor may recommend lifestyle changes, such as reducing stress and increasing physical activity. The doctor may also recommend medications, such as corticosteroids or immunosuppressants, to reduce the body's immune response. In more severe cases, a blood transfusion may be necessary.
Outlook
The outlook for people with WAIHA varies depending on the severity of the disease. In mild cases, the outlook is usually good and the symptoms can often be managed with lifestyle changes and medications. However, in more severe cases, the outlook may be more serious.
