The most common mental disorder in the US is depression. According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), approximately 16.2 million adults in the US suffer from at least one major depressive episode every year. Depression can range from mild to severe, and is characterized by persistent sadness, irritability, fatigue, and a lack of interest in activities or relationships. Other symptoms include difficulty concentrating, changes in appetite, insomnia, and thoughts of death or suicide.
Types of Depression
There are several types of depression, including major depressive disorder, persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia), seasonal affective disorder (SAD), postpartum depression, and bipolar disorder.
Major Depressive Disorder is the most common type of depression. It is characterized by a depressed mood that lasts for at least two weeks and is accompanied by other symptoms, such as low energy, fatigue, changes in appetite, difficulty concentrating, and thoughts of death or suicide.
Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia) is a milder form of depression that lasts for at least two years. It is characterized by a low-grade, long-term depressed mood that is accompanied by other symptoms, such as difficulty concentrating, low energy, and feeling worthless.
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a type of depression that occurs during the winter months, when there is less sunlight. It is characterized by a low mood, lethargy, difficulty concentrating, and a craving for carbohydrates.
Postpartum Depression is a type of depression that occurs after childbirth. It is characterized by a low mood, difficulty sleeping, fatigue, and difficulty bonding with the baby.
Bipolar Disorder is a type of depression that involves alternating cycles of mania and depression. It is characterized by periods of elevated mood (mania) and periods of depressed mood (depression). Symptoms of mania include extreme elation, racing thoughts, grandiose ideas, and increased energy. Symptoms of depression include a low mood, sadness, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating.
