Hemolytic anemia is a type of anemia caused by the destruction of red blood cells. This type of anemia can be inherited or acquired, and the most common type is hereditary hemolytic anemia.
Hereditary Hemolytic Anemia
Hereditary hemolytic anemia is the most common type of hemolytic anemia, and it is caused by a genetic defect in the red blood cells. This defect can result in red blood cells that are more fragile and easily destroyed, or it can cause the red blood cells to be unable to transport oxygen as efficiently as normal. In some cases, it is caused by a combination of both defects.
Acquired Hemolytic Anemia
Acquired hemolytic anemia is caused by an outside source such as a medication, infection, or autoimmune disorder. The most common cause of acquired hemolytic anemia is an autoimmune disorder, such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis. In this case, the body's immune system attacks and destroys healthy red blood cells.
Treatment
Treatment for hemolytic anemia depends on the underlying cause. In cases of hereditary hemolytic anemia, treatment may include medications to reduce the destruction of red blood cells, as well as transfusions of red blood cells or other blood products. In cases of acquired hemolytic anemia, treatment may include medications to suppress the immune system, as well as medications to reduce inflammation. In some cases, a stem cell transplant may be recommended.
