Ataxia is a type of neurological disorder that affects coordination and balance. It is caused by damage to the cerebellum, a part of the brain that controls movement. The most common form of ataxia is known as spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA).
SCA is caused by a genetic mutation that leads to a gradual loss of coordination and balance. It typically affects the lower limbs first, leading to an unsteady gait, difficulty walking, and poor coordination. As the condition progresses, it can affect the upper limbs and the eyes, leading to poor hand-eye coordination and difficulty speaking.
SCA is a progressive condition and there is no known cure. Treatment focuses on managing the symptoms and slowing its progression. This may include physical therapy, occupational therapy, and medications to help control muscle spasms and tremors.
The most common form of ataxia is SCA, but there are other types. These include Friedreich’s ataxia, multiple system atrophy, cerebellar ataxia, and more. Each type of ataxia has its own unique symptoms and causes, and treatment may vary depending on the type.