Aspergillosis is an infection caused by the fungus Aspergillus. It can cause a variety of health problems, including respiratory infections, sinus infections, skin infections, and eye infections. The most common cause of aspergillosis is inhalation of Aspergillus spores.
Inhalation of Aspergillus Spores
Inhalation of Aspergillus spores is the most common cause of aspergillosis. Aspergillus spores are tiny particles that are released into the air by molds. When people breathe in these spores, they can become infected with aspergillosis. Inhalation of Aspergillus spores can also occur through contact with contaminated soil or dust, or by handling contaminated objects.
Risk Factors
Certain health conditions can increase the risk of aspergillosis. People who have weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or cancer, may be more likely to get aspergillosis. People who have had a lung transplant, or those who are taking certain medications that suppress the immune system, may also be at higher risk. People who work in environments where they are exposed to Aspergillus spores, such as construction sites, may also be at higher risk.
Symptoms
The symptoms of aspergillosis can vary depending on the type of infection. The most common symptoms include: coughing up blood, chest pain, shortness of breath, fever, fatigue, and headache. In severe cases, the fungus can spread to other parts of the body, such as the brain, heart, or eyes.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Aspergillosis is usually diagnosed through a physical exam and laboratory tests. Treatment may include antifungal medications, oxygen therapy, and surgery to remove the affected tissue. In some cases, the infection can be managed with lifestyle changes, such as avoiding exposure to Aspergillus spores.