Anorectal abscesses are a common and painful condition that can occur when an infection develops around the anus or rectum. The most common anorectal abscess is a perianal abscess, which is a localized pocket of pus and infection in the tissue surrounding the anus. Other types of anorectal abscesses include a fistula-in-ano, which is an infected tunnel connecting the anal canal and the skin outside the anus, and an ischiorectal abscess, which is an infection in the ischiorectal fossa, the space between the anus and the rectum.
Symptoms of Anorectal Abscess
The most common symptoms of anorectal abscess include pain and tenderness in the area around the anus, swelling and redness of the skin, and drainage of pus or fluid from the area. Other symptoms can include fever, chills, or general malaise.
Causes of Anorectal Abscess
Anorectal abscesses are usually caused by a bacterial infection, often from bacteria that normally live in the intestine, such as E. coli or staphylococcus. Other potential causes include trauma to the area, foreign objects lodged in the rectum, and underlying medical conditions such as Crohn's disease or diabetes.
Diagnosis of Anorectal Abscess
Anorectal abscesses can usually be diagnosed by a physical examination, during which your doctor will look for signs of inflammation and infection. Your doctor may also order tests such as a CT scan, MRI, or ultrasound to get a better look at the area.
Treatment of Anorectal Abscess
Treatment for anorectal abscesses usually involves draining the pus from the area and then treating the infection with antibiotics. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the abscess and any underlying infection.