Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lung disorder characterized by the progressive and irreversible scarring (fibrosis) of the lungs. The exact cause of IPF is not known, however, it is thought to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and other factors.
Genetic factors are believed to play a role in IPF, as it is known to run in families. Recent research has identified particular genetic mutations that may increase the risk of developing the disease.
Environmental factors, such as exposure to toxins and irritants, may also play a role in the development of IPF. Certain occupations, such as welding and agriculture, may increase the risk of developing IPF due to exposure to airborne particles and chemicals.
Other risk factors include smoking, age, and infection with certain viruses. Smoking is a major risk factor for IPF, and the risk increases with the amount and duration of smoking. IPF is more common in older individuals, and certain viruses, such as the rhinovirus, have been linked to an increased risk of developing IPF.
Although the exact cause of IPF is unknown, it is likely to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Identifying and avoiding potential environmental risk factors, such as smoking and exposure to toxins, is important in reducing the risk of developing IPF.