Asphyxia is a condition caused by a lack of oxygen in the body and an increase in the levels of carbon dioxide. The main cause of asphyxia can be anything from choking, drowning, suffocation, strangulation, or other forms of obstruction of the airways. It can also be due to oxygen deprivation, such as in high altitude, or from a toxic gas or chemical inhalation.
Choking and Suffocation
Choking and suffocation are both forms of obstruction of the airways, and are the most common causes of asphyxia. In choking, an object, such as a piece of food or a toy, becomes lodged in the airway and prevents air from entering the lungs. In suffocation, the airways are blocked by an outside force, such as a pillow, bedding, or another person. Both of these can result in death if not treated quickly.
Drowning
Drowning is another common cause of asphyxia. When a person is submerged in water, the water pressure on their lungs prevents them from taking in oxygen. If the person is not rescued quickly, they can die from lack of oxygen.
High Altitude
At high altitudes, the air is thinner and contains less oxygen. This can cause a condition called altitude sickness, which can lead to asphyxia if not treated. Symptoms of altitude sickness include headaches, nausea, and dizziness.
Toxic Gas or Chemical Inhalation
Inhalation of toxic gases or chemicals can also lead to asphyxia. Inhalation of carbon monoxide, found in cigarette smoke and vehicle exhaust, is particularly dangerous and can cause death. Breathing in other toxic gases, such as chlorine or ammonia, can also lead to asphyxia.
