Life expectancy for those diagnosed with Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) can vary greatly depending on the type and severity of the disorder. Generally speaking, ALD patients diagnosed in infancy have a life expectancy of about 10 years, while those diagnosed in adulthood may live for several decades. However, it is important to note that many factors, such as medical care, lifestyle, and other conditions, can significantly influence life expectancy.
Early Onset ALD
Early onset ALD is the most severe form of the disorder, and is diagnosed in infancy. It is caused by a mutation in the ABCD1 gene that results in the loss of the myelin sheath that protects nerve cells. This leads to a rapid decline in neurological function, and most patients with early onset ALD die within 10 years of diagnosis.
Late Onset ALD
Late onset ALD is caused by a mutation in the ABCD2 gene, and is usually diagnosed in adolescence or adulthood. It is a less severe form of the disorder, and patients typically experience a slower decline in neurological function. The life expectancy of those with late onset ALD is highly variable, as some may live for several decades, while others may succumb to the disorder at a younger age.
Preventative Measures
There are several preventative measures that can be taken to help prolong the life expectancy of those with ALD. These include regular medical checkups, lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking and avoiding alcohol, and a healthy diet. Additionally, gene therapy is being studied as a potential treatment for ALD, and may be able to significantly improve life expectancy.