Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas, a large organ behind the stomach that produces the hormones insulin and glucagon, as well as digestive enzymes. Pancreatitis can be either acute or chronic. Acute pancreatitis is a sudden inflammation of the pancreas that can cause severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, fever, and other symptoms. Chronic pancreatitis is a persistent inflammation of the pancreas that can cause abdominal pain, malabsorption, and diabetes.
Signs and Symptoms of Pancreatitis
The signs and symptoms of pancreatitis vary depending on whether it is acute or chronic. Common symptoms of acute pancreatitis include:
* Severe, sudden abdominal pain
* Nausea and vomiting
* Fever
* Rapid heart rate
* Low blood pressure
Chronic pancreatitis may cause the same symptoms as acute pancreatitis, but they may be less severe and occur more often. Other symptoms of chronic pancreatitis may include:
* Weight loss
* Oily, foul-smelling stools
* Diarrhea
* Abdominal bloating
* Abdominal tenderness
Diagnosis of Pancreatitis
To diagnose pancreatitis, your doctor will likely perform a physical exam and order blood tests to check for elevated levels of pancreatic enzymes. Your doctor may also order imaging tests, such as an ultrasound or CT scan, to get a better view of your pancreas. If pancreatitis is suspected, your doctor may also order a biopsy of the pancreas to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment of Pancreatitis
The treatment of pancreatitis depends on whether it is acute or chronic. Acute pancreatitis is usually treated with rest, hydration, and pain relief. Chronic pancreatitis is more difficult to treat and may require surgery to remove the damaged pancreas. Other treatments for chronic pancreatitis may include pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy, nutrition support, and lifestyle changes.
