Spondylitis is an autoimmune disease that occurs when the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks the spine and surrounding soft tissues. This leads to inflammation, stiffness, and pain in the spine. In some cases, spondylitis can cause permanent damage to the spine and other joints.
Spondylitis usually begins in childhood or early adulthood, and is more common in males. Symptoms can include: pain and stiffness in the neck, lower back, and hips; fatigue; and difficulty bending or straightening the spine. People with spondylitis may also experience fever, weight loss, and anemia.
The cause of spondylitis is not fully understood, but it is thought to be an autoimmune disorder. This means that the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues in the body, leading to inflammation and damage. Genetic factors, infections, and environmental factors are all thought to contribute to the development of spondylitis.
Treatment for spondylitis often includes medication, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are often used to reduce inflammation and pain. Corticosteroids may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and slow down joint damage. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair damaged joints or relieve pressure on the spine.
In addition to medication, lifestyle changes can help to manage the symptoms of spondylitis. Exercise, yoga, and stretching can help to improve flexibility and reduce stiffness. Eating a healthy, balanced diet can also help to reduce inflammation.
Spondylitis can be a difficult condition to manage, but with proper treatment and lifestyle changes, people with the condition can lead active and fulfilling lives.