The gold standard test for atherosclerosis is an imaging test known as computed tomography (CT) angiography. CT angiography uses X-ray images taken from different angles to create detailed cross-sectional images of the coronary arteries. This allows doctors to detect and diagnose atherosclerosis, a buildup of plaque in the arteries that can lead to heart disease.
CT Angiography Procedure
CT angiography is performed in a hospital or imaging center. The patient will lie down on a table and an intravenous (IV) line will be inserted into a vein in the arm. A contrast dye is then injected through the IV line. This dye helps the images taken by the CT scanner to appear more clearly. Once the contrast dye is injected, the patient is asked to hold their breath for 10-15 seconds while the scanner takes pictures of the arteries.
Benefits of CT Angiography
CT angiography is considered the gold standard test for diagnosing atherosclerosis due to its accuracy and noninvasive nature. It is also useful for detecting blockages in the arteries that can lead to heart attack or stroke. CT angiography can also be used to monitor the progress of a treatment plan, such as changes in the size of plaque deposits in the arteries over time.
Risks of CT Angiography
CT angiography is generally safe, but there are some potential risks. The contrast dye used in the procedure can cause an allergic reaction in some patients. The radiation exposure from the CT scan may also increase the risk of cancer in some patients, especially those who have to have the test multiple times.