Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas, a gland that produces enzymes that help the body digest food. The first marker of pancreatitis is typically abdominal pain. Other common symptoms include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, fever, and rapid heartbeat. Other signs of pancreatitis include jaundice, weight loss, and steatorrhea (fatty stools). It is important to seek medical attention if any of these symptoms are present.
Causes of Pancreatitis
Pancreatitis can be caused by a number of factors, including gallstones, alcohol abuse, certain medications, infections, and trauma. It is also seen in people with certain conditions, such as cystic fibrosis and pancreatic cancer.
Diagnosis of Pancreatitis
A diagnosis of pancreatitis is typically made through a combination of laboratory tests, imaging studies, and a physical exam. Blood tests can be used to measure levels of pancreatic enzymes, glucose, and lipase. Imaging tests such as CT scans and MRI scans can be used to detect any abnormalities in the pancreas. A physical exam will look for signs of tenderness in the abdomen, jaundice, and weight loss.
Treatment of Pancreatitis
Treatment of pancreatitis depends on the cause. If the cause is gallstones, surgery may be necessary. In cases of alcohol abuse, the patient will need to abstain from alcohol. Medications may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and pain. In some cases, a feeding tube may be necessary to provide nutrition.
Prevention of Pancreatitis
The best way to prevent pancreatitis is to avoid the known causes. For example, if you have gallstones, your doctor may recommend surgery to prevent them from causing pancreatitis. It is also important to avoid excessive alcohol consumption. If you are taking certain medications, be sure to follow your doctor’s instructions.