Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) is an irregular, usually short-lived, episode of atrial fibrillation (AF), that usually resolves on its own without the need for medical intervention. Permanent atrial fibrillation (PAF) is a persistent episode of AF that is not expected to resolve without medical intervention.
Symptoms
The main symptom of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation is an irregular heartbeat. Other symptoms may include dizziness, lightheadedness, shortness of breath, chest pain, and palpitations.
Permanent atrial fibrillation is often associated with more severe symptoms such as lightheadedness, dizziness, chest pain, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
Diagnosis
Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation is usually diagnosed by a doctor using an electrocardiogram (ECG). An ECG will show an irregular heartbeat.
Permanent atrial fibrillation is usually diagnosed using a Holter monitor. This device records your heart's electrical activity for 24 hours, and can be used to detect persistent episodes of AF.
Treatment
Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation is usually treated with medications such as beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, or other antiarrhythmic drugs.
Permanent atrial fibrillation is usually treated with medications and/or electric shock therapy (cardioversion). Cardioversion is a procedure that uses electrical shocks to help restore a normal heart rhythm. Other treatments may include catheter ablation, pacemakers, and implantable defibrillators.