Subtitle: Acquired and Hereditary Hemolytic Anemia
Hemolytic anemia is an umbrella term for a group of disorders that involve the destruction of red blood cells. It can be caused by a variety of factors, including acquired and hereditary conditions. Acquired hemolytic anemia occurs when a person's body produces antibodies that attack their own red blood cells, while hereditary hemolytic anemia is caused by a genetic defect that affects the structure of the cells.
Acquired Hemolytic Anemia
Acquired hemolytic anemia is caused by antibodies that are created by the body to attack its own red blood cells. This type of hemolytic anemia can be caused by a variety of factors, including infections, medications, autoimmune disorders, and exposure to certain chemicals and toxins.
Infections, such as those caused by bacteria and viruses, can trigger an immune response that results in the production of antibodies that attack and destroy red blood cells. Medications, such as penicillin, sulfonamides, and cephalosporins, can also cause this type of anemia. Autoimmune disorders, such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, can also trigger the production of antibodies.
Hereditary Hemolytic Anemia
Hereditary hemolytic anemia is caused by a genetic defect that affects the structure of the red blood cells. This type of anemia can be inherited in an autosomal recessive or autosomal dominant pattern, depending on the specific gene mutation.
In autosomal recessive hemolytic anemia, a person has two defective copies of the gene, one inherited from each parent. In autosomal dominant hemolytic anemia, a person only needs one defective copy of the gene in order to be affected.
The symptoms of both types of hemolytic anemia can be similar and may include fatigue, pale skin, jaundice, shortness of breath, and dark urine. Treatment for both types of hemolytic anemia can vary depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. In some cases, medications or transfusions may be used to help manage the symptoms.
