The diagnostic criteria for pneumonia can vary depending on the type of pneumonia, but there are certain signs and symptoms which medical professionals will look for when determining a diagnosis.
In general, a doctor will take a complete medical history and perform a physical examination to check for signs of respiratory infection, such as increased breathing rate, crackles in the lungs, and/or decreased breath sounds. They may also order laboratory tests, such as chest X-rays, blood tests, and sputum tests, to help diagnose pneumonia.
In addition, the doctor may use the “Centor criteria” to help determine the likelihood of bacterial pneumonia. This criteria includes the presence of fever, a productive cough, and the absence of wheezing, as well as the patient’s age (under or over 45 years of age) and the presence of recent sore throat symptoms.
Overall, the diagnosis of pneumonia is primarily based on the presence of signs and symptoms that point to the presence of a respiratory infection. Laboratory tests can help to confirm the diagnosis, as well as to identify the specific type of pneumonia. The Centor criteria can also help to determine the likelihood of bacterial pneumonia.