The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) defines addiction as “a chronic, relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences.” In other words, addiction is a complex disorder characterized by intense cravings and compulsive behaviors that can be difficult to control. Addiction can involve substance abuse, such as alcohol or drugs, or behaviors such as gambling or video gaming.
The CDC states that addiction is not a moral failing or a sign of weakness, but instead a chronic, relapsing brain disease that requires professional treatment and support. It is also a medical disorder because it changes the brain in fundamental ways, affecting a person's decision-making, judgment, and behavior.
Addiction is a complex disorder that involves biological, psychological, social, and environmental factors. Biological factors can include genetics, which can make some people more likely to develop an addiction, and brain chemistry, which can cause changes in the way the brain responds to rewards. Psychological factors can include psychological trauma, stress, and mental health disorders, such as depression or anxiety. Social factors can include family dynamics, peer influence, and access to substances or activities. Environmental factors can include poverty, access to drugs or alcohol, and availability of treatment services.
The CDC recommends that people struggling with addiction get professional help as soon as possible. Treatment options may include psychotherapy, medications, support groups, lifestyle changes, and recovery programs.