Confirmation Test for Hemolytic Anemia
Complete Blood Count (CBC)
The Complete Blood Count (CBC) is a common test used to diagnose hemolytic anemia. This test measures the number of red and white blood cells in the blood, as well as the amount of hemoglobin and platelets. An abnormal CBC result can indicate the presence of anemia, and if hemolytic anemia is suspected, a reticulocyte count can be performed to confirm the diagnosis.
Reticulocyte Count
A reticulocyte count is a test that measures the number of immature red blood cells (reticulocytes) in the blood. In a normal person, reticulocyte production is regulated by the body’s need for red blood cells. In someone with hemolytic anemia, the body produces more reticulocytes to try to replace the red blood cells that are being destroyed. A high reticulocyte count is often seen in people with hemolytic anemia.
Osmotic Fragility Test
The osmotic fragility test is used to measure the ability of red blood cells to withstand osmotic stress. In this test, a sample of blood is placed in a solution of varying concentrations of salt. The salt solution causes the red blood cells to swell and eventually burst, releasing their hemoglobin into the solution. The amount of hemoglobin released is then measured. People with hemolytic anemia often have red blood cells that are more fragile than normal, and therefore release more hemoglobin in the osmotic fragility test.
Direct Coombs Test
The direct Coombs test is a lab test used to detect the presence of antibodies on the surface of red blood cells. In some cases of hemolytic anemia, the body produces antibodies that attach to the red blood cells and cause them to be destroyed by the immune system. The direct Coombs test can detect these antibodies and confirm a diagnosis of hemolytic anemia.
