Vertigo is a type of dizziness that can be caused by various factors. It is a sensation of feeling off balance and lightheadedness. The feeling may be accompanied by nausea, sweating, and ringing in the ears.
The most common cause of vertigo is benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). BPPV occurs when the tiny calcium particles, known as “otoliths”, that are located in the inner ear become dislodged and move into the semicircular canals. This disrupts the normal balance signals that the inner ear sends to the brain, resulting in feelings of dizziness and disorientation.
Other causes of vertigo include Meniere’s disease, vestibular neuronitis, and labrynthitis. Meniere’s disease is an inner ear disorder that can cause episodes of vertigo, ringing in the ears, hearing loss, and a feeling of fullness in the ear. Vestibular neuronitis is an inner ear infection that can cause dizziness and imbalance. Labyrinthitis is an inflammation of the inner ear that is usually caused by a virus, resulting in vertigo and hearing loss.
In addition to inner ear disorders, vertigo can also be caused by certain medications, head or neck injuries, migraine headaches, and even psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression.
Vertigo can be a debilitating and frightening experience, but it is usually treatable. Depending on the underlying cause, treatment may include medications, physical therapy, or even surgery. If you are experiencing vertigo, it is important to seek medical attention to determine the cause and receive appropriate treatment.