Atopic dermatitis, also known as eczema, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that is characterized by itchy, red, and scaly patches on the skin. The exact cause of atopic dermatitis is unknown, but it is believed to be due to a combination of factors, such as genetics, environmental triggers, and a weakened immune system.
Genetics is thought to play a role in atopic dermatitis, as it has been found to run in families. Individuals with certain genetic mutations, such as in the filaggrin gene, are more likely to develop atopic dermatitis.
Environmental triggers can also play a role in atopic dermatitis. Common environmental triggers include certain soaps, detergents, and fabrics, as well as extreme temperatures and allergens such as pollen, pet dander, and dust mites.
Finally, a weakened immune system can also contribute to atopic dermatitis. Individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with underlying conditions such as HIV/AIDS or cancer, are more likely to develop atopic dermatitis.
In conclusion, the cause of atopic dermatitis is unknown, but it is believed to be due to a combination of genetic, environmental, and immunologic factors.