Overview
Allergies are reactions that occur when the body's immune system overreacts to substances that it perceives as foreign. Common allergens include pollen, dust, pet dander, and certain foods. Allergies can cause a range of symptoms including sneezing, itching, and hives. Treatment for allergies typically involves avoiding the allergen and taking medication to reduce the symptoms.
Medication
The most common medications used to treat allergies are antihistamines. These medications help reduce symptoms by blocking the action of histamine, a chemical released by the body during an allergic reaction. Common antihistamines include loratadine (Claritin), cetirizine (Zyrtec), and diphenhydramine (Benadryl). Nasal corticosteroids are also used to reduce inflammation in the nasal passages and can help relieve symptoms. Examples include fluticasone (Flonase) and mometasone (Nasonex). In severe cases, immunotherapy may be recommended. This involves receiving injections of small amounts of the allergen over a period of time to help build up a tolerance and reduce the body's reaction to the allergen.
Home Remedies
In addition to medications, there are several home remedies that may help reduce the symptoms of allergies. These remedies include drinking plenty of water, using a humidifier, taking a hot shower, and using a neti pot. It is also important to reduce exposure to the allergen by keeping windows and doors closed, using air conditioning, showering after being outdoors, and regularly cleaning the house.
Conclusion
Allergies can be uncomfortable, but there are a variety of treatments available to help reduce the symptoms. Medications such as antihistamines and nasal corticosteroids can be effective, and there are also home remedies that may provide relief. It is important to work with a doctor to determine the best treatment for your specific allergy.
