The best biomarker for pneumonia is often dependent on the underlying cause, as different pathogens may have different biomarkers. For example, in bacterial pneumonia, C-reactive protein (CRP) is considered one of the best biomarkers, as it is a non-specific marker of inflammation and infection. High levels of CRP are associated with bacterial pneumonia, and can help differentiate between bacterial and viral pneumonia. In viral pneumonia, procalcitonin (PCT) is considered one of the best biomarkers. PCT is a hormone that is released in response to infection, and high levels are associated with bacterial pneumonia. It can also help differentiate between viral and bacterial pneumonia.
In addition to these biomarkers, other useful tests for diagnosing pneumonia include complete blood count (CBC) and chest X-ray. CBCs can provide information about the white blood cell count, which can be elevated in patients with pneumonia, indicating an infection. Chest X-rays can provide information about the size and shape of the lungs, and can be used to diagnose pneumonia in cases where the other biomarkers are inconclusive.
Overall, the best biomarker for pneumonia is often dependent on the underlying cause, but C-reactive protein and procalcitonin are generally considered the most useful biomarkers. Complete blood count and chest X-rays can also be useful in diagnosing pneumonia, especially in cases where the other biomarkers are inconclusive.