Stage 4 periodontal disease, also known as advanced periodontal disease, is a severe form of periodontal disease caused by bacteria that infect the gums and other parts of the mouth. This infection can cause significant destruction of the soft tissue and bone that support the teeth. Without treatment, the teeth may become loose and eventually fall out.
Symptoms of Stage 4 Periodontal Disease
The most common symptoms of stage 4 periodontal disease include red, swollen, and bleeding gums, receding gums, gum abscesses, and persistent bad breath. Other signs and symptoms may include loose teeth, shifting teeth, and jaw pain.
Causes of Stage 4 Periodontal Disease
The primary cause of stage 4 periodontal disease is a bacterial infection. Poor oral hygiene, smoking, and certain chronic diseases, such as diabetes, can also increase the risk of developing this condition.
Treatment of Stage 4 Periodontal Disease
Treatment of stage 4 periodontal disease may involve a combination of procedures, such as scaling and root planing, antibiotic therapy, and surgery. In some cases, tooth extraction may be necessary. The goal of treatment is to reduce inflammation, eliminate infection, and prevent further damage to the teeth and gums.