Primary Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) is a type of autoimmune disorder in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys healthy red blood cells. This leads to anemia, which is a shortage of red blood cells that carry oxygen to the body’s tissues. AIHA is a rare condition, but it can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. Symptoms of AIHA include fatigue, shortness of breath, pale skin, and jaundice. Treatment typically involves medications to suppress the immune system and transfusions to replace lost red blood cells.