Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome type 3 (PAS-3) is an inherited condition that causes the body's immune system to attack the endocrine glands, which are responsible for producing hormones. The most common symptoms of this condition are fatigue, weight loss, muscle weakness, and anemia. Other symptoms may include hair loss, dry skin, joint pain, and dizziness.
PAS-3 is caused by defects in the AIRE gene, which is responsible for regulating the body's immune response. In people with PAS-3, this gene malfunctions, leading the immune system to mistakenly attack the endocrine glands. As a result, the body does not produce enough of certain hormones, which can lead to the various symptoms associated with the condition.
Diagnosis of PAS-3 is usually made through blood tests and other tests to measure hormone levels, as well as by looking for signs of autoimmune disease. Treatment for PAS-3 usually involves hormone replacement therapy, as well as medications to suppress the immune system and prevent further damage to the endocrine glands. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove affected glands.
Although PAS-3 can be a difficult condition to manage, it is important to note that many people with the condition live normal and healthy lives with the help of their treatment.