Malnutrition is a condition that occurs when the body does not receive the correct amount of essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals. It can occur when the body is not receiving enough nourishment or when the food that is consumed is lacking in essential nutrients. Malnutrition can have a range of negative effects on the individual’s health, including an increased risk of infection, delayed physical and mental development, and even death in extreme cases.
Examples of malnutrition include undernutrition, which is when the body does not receive enough food or nutrients, and overnutrition, which is when the body consumes too much food or nutrients. Undernutrition can be caused by poverty, food insecurity, and lack of access to healthy food. It can also be caused by medical conditions or certain medications that prevent the body from absorbing nutrients. Overnutrition can be caused by eating too much of the wrong kinds of food, such as processed foods that are high in fat, sugar, and salt but low in essential nutrients.
Malnutrition can also be the result of an unbalanced diet. If a person’s diet does not include a variety of different food groups, such as fruits, vegetables, grains, and proteins, then they may not be receiving the full range of nutrients they need. Additionally, if a person consumes too much of one type of food, such as carbohydrates, they may be at risk of developing a deficiency in a particular nutrient, such as iron.
Malnutrition can have serious health consequences, including weakened immune systems, increased risk of infection, and delayed physical and mental development. In extreme cases, malnutrition can even be fatal. It is important to make sure that people of all ages are receiving the nutrients they need to stay healthy.