Juvenile Still's disease, also known as systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), is an inflammatory disorder characterized by high spiking fevers, rash, and joint pain. It is an autoinflammatory condition, which means it is caused by the body’s own immune system attacking its own healthy tissue. This can cause a variety of problems, including inflammation of the joints, skin, and internal organs.
The cause of Juvenile Still's disease is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. It typically begins in childhood between the ages of two and 16, and is more common in girls than boys. Symptoms of Juvenile Still's disease vary, but often include high fever, rash, joint pain, and/or swelling, fatigue, and/or weight loss. The fever usually lasts for at least two days and may be accompanied by a rash that is typically made up of red or purple spots. Joint pain is usually symmetrical and can affect any joint in the body.
Diagnosis of Juvenile Still's disease is based on a combination of medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. Treatment typically involves anti-inflammatory medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and/or biologic medications. Physical therapy may also be recommended to help maintain joint flexibility and strength.
In most cases, Juvenile Still's disease resolves on its own without any lasting effects. However, in some cases, permanent joint damage can occur if the disease is not properly managed. It is important to seek prompt medical attention if you suspect that your child may have Juvenile Still's disease.