According to Canan Karatay, gluten is a type of protein found in wheat, rye, barley, and some other grains that acts as a glue to hold food together. Gluten is a complex mixture of proteins that is made up of two main proteins, gliadin and glutenin. Gliadin proteins are soluble in water and have the ability to form elastic and viscous solutions. Glutenin proteins are insoluble in water and form gluten networks that give bread its elasticity and chewy texture.
Gluten can cause a variety of health issues for people who have celiac disease or gluten sensitivity. When individuals with either condition consume gluten, their immune system responds by attacking the small intestine and damaging the villi, which are responsible for absorbing nutrients. This can lead to symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, fatigue, and weight loss.
For individuals without celiac disease or gluten sensitivity, gluten may still have an effect on their health. Some research suggests that gluten can contribute to inflammation, which can lead to a variety of health issues. Additionally, some people find that avoiding gluten helps them to lose weight and improve their energy levels.
Ultimately, whether or not to consume gluten is a personal decision. For those with celiac disease or gluten sensitivity, it is essential to avoid consuming gluten in order to maintain their health. For those without these conditions, it may be beneficial to experiment with a gluten-free diet to see if it has any positive effects.