Farmers lung disease is an occupational illness caused by the inhalation of organic dusts from moldy hay, straw, and grain. It is an allergic alveolitis, an inflammation of the lungs caused by an allergic reaction to certain antigens in the dust.
The most common symptom of farmers lung disease is a dry cough that can become more severe over time, along with a feeling of tightness in the chest. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, fatigue, fever, and chest pain. In severe cases, the person may experience respiratory failure and death.
The diagnosis of farmers lung disease is usually based on the patient’s symptoms, medical history, and an examination of the lungs. The diagnosis can be confirmed through a pulmonary function test, chest X-ray, and sputum examination. Treatment of the disease includes avoiding exposure to the dusts, using medications to reduce symptoms, and breathing exercises to strengthen the lungs. In severe cases, the patient may require oxygen therapy.
Farmers lung disease is a serious condition, but it can be prevented by using appropriate protective measures when working with organic dusts. These measures include wearing a protective mask, using wet hay to reduce dust exposure, and cleaning the work area regularly. It is also important to consult a doctor if symptoms occur, as early treatment can reduce the risk of long-term complications.