Anthracosis of the lymph nodes is a medical condition characterized by blackening of the lymph nodes due to heavy accumulation of carbon particles. It is a common manifestation of chronic inhalation of smoke and/or particulate matter from air pollution, burning of fuel, and/or industrial processes.
The condition is most commonly found in the lymph nodes of the neck, axilla, and mediastinum. The carbon particles accumulate in the lymph nodes and cause them to become enlarged and discolored. The discoloration is typically gray or black, hence the term anthracosis.
In addition to the discoloration of the lymph nodes, other signs of anthracosis include localized pain, tenderness, and swelling. In some cases, the affected lymph nodes may be difficult to move and may even become fixed in place.
The primary cause of anthracosis of the lymph nodes is long-term inhalation of smoke or particulate matter. Exposure to industrial processes such as welding, foundry work, and chemical processing can also contribute to the condition.
The diagnosis of anthracosis is typically made based on physical examination and imaging studies such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Treatment is generally supportive and focused on addressing the underlying cause of the condition. In cases of industrial exposure, removal from the workplace and avoiding further exposure is typically recommended.
In cases of smoke or particulate matter inhalation, wearing a mask and avoiding further exposure is usually advised. In cases where the condition is associated with an underlying medical condition, treatment for the underlying condition may also be necessary.