Anginal pain is a type of chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. It is usually described as a squeezing, burning, or aching sensation in the chest, but can also feel like pressure or fullness. Anginal pain is a common symptom of coronary artery disease (CAD), a condition in which the coronary arteries become narrowed or blocked, reducing blood flow to the heart.
Common triggers of anginal pain include physical exertion, heavy meals, emotional stress, cold temperatures, and smoking. The pain usually begins in the center of the chest and may radiate to the jaw, shoulders, arms, or back. It is usually relieved with rest and may be accompanied by shortness of breath, nausea, dizziness, fatigue, or sweating.
The diagnosis of anginal pain is usually made based on a person’s medical history and physical exam. Other tests, such as an electrocardiogram (ECG), stress test, echocardiogram, and cardiac catheterization, may be used to confirm a diagnosis, assess the severity of the condition, and determine the best treatment.
Treatment of anginal pain typically includes lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking, increasing physical activity, and reducing stress. Medications such as nitroglycerin and beta blockers may also be prescribed to reduce the frequency and severity of chest pain. In some cases, surgical procedures may be recommended to improve blood flow to the heart.
