Aggressive periodontitis is an inflammatory oral disease that affects the supporting structures of the teeth, including the gums, periodontal ligaments and alveolar bone. It is associated with a rapid and severe destruction of these structures, resulting in the loss of teeth. Aggressive periodontitis is linked to both environmental and genetic factors and is often seen in young adults.
Environmental factors that are associated with aggressive periodontitis include poor oral hygiene, smoking, stress, and poor nutrition. Poor oral hygiene can lead to a buildup of plaque on the teeth, which can lead to periodontal inflammation and infection. Smoking is known to decrease the body’s ability to fight off infection, which can make it easier for bacteria to cause periodontal damage. Stress has been found to increase the production of cortisol, a hormone that can weaken the body’s immune system and make it more vulnerable to infection. Poor nutrition can also lead to weakened immune systems and a lack of vitamins and minerals that are essential for healthy gums and teeth.
Genetic factors that are associated with aggressive periodontitis are largely unknown. Researchers have identified a few gene mutations that can increase the risk of this condition, such as mutations in the TLR4, IL-1β, and TNF-α genes. These mutations affect the body’s ability to fight off infection and can make it easier for bacteria to cause periodontal damage.
Aggressive periodontitis is an inflammatory oral disease that can cause severe destruction of the supporting structures of the teeth. It is linked to both environmental and genetic factors, such as poor oral hygiene, smoking, stress, poor nutrition, and gene mutations. By maintaining good oral hygiene, quitting smoking, reducing stress, and eating a nutritious diet, it is possible to reduce the risk of developing aggressive periodontitis.