Acute hemolytic transfusion (AHT) is a serious complication of blood transfusions, where the recipient’s body reacts to incompatible blood. This reaction can cause the recipient’s red blood cells to be destroyed, resulting in a decrease in hemoglobin, red blood cells, and platelets. AHT can cause severe anemia, fever, shock, and even death.
Symptoms of Acute Hemolytic Transfusion
The symptoms of AHT can range from mild to severe. Early symptoms may include fever, chills, back pain, and jaundice. Other symptoms may include hypotension, tachycardia, tachypnea, confusion, and shortness of breath. In severe cases, the patient may develop shock, kidney failure, and even death.
Causes of Acute Hemolytic Transfusion
AHT is usually caused by a mistake in blood typing. If the recipient’s blood type is not known or if the donor and recipient have different blood types, incompatible blood can be transfused. This can cause the recipient’s body to recognize the blood as an antigen and begin to destroy it.
Treatment of Acute Hemolytic Transfusion
The treatment for AHT depends on the severity of the reaction. Mild cases may only require supportive care such as fluids and oxygen. Severe cases may require a blood transfusion, dialysis, and medications to control the reaction. In some cases, the patient may require surgery to repair damaged organs.
