Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a type of heart disease that occurs when the coronary arteries, the vessels that supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle, become narrowed or blocked. This can cause chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, and other symptoms. CAD can lead to a heart attack or stroke.
Risk Factors
Risk factors for coronary artery disease include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, obesity, poor diet, physical inactivity, and a family history of heart disease.
Prevention
It's important to take steps to reduce your risk of CAD. This includes eating a healthy diet, getting regular exercise, quitting smoking, and maintaining a healthy weight. Your doctor may also recommend medications, such as statins, to help lower your risk of coronary artery disease.
Diagnosis
Your doctor may use a variety of tests to diagnose coronary artery disease. These tests may include a physical exam, blood tests, an electrocardiogram (ECG), an echocardiogram, a stress test, and a coronary angiogram.
Treatment
Treatment for coronary artery disease depends on the severity of the condition and your overall health. Treatments may include lifestyle changes, medications, or procedures such as angioplasty or coronary artery bypass surgery. It is important to work with your doctor to find the best treatment plan for you.