Acromegaly is a condition that results from the overproduction of growth hormone, which is produced by the pituitary gland. This overproduction of growth hormone leads to an excess amount of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) circulating in the body, which can result in weight gain. This is because IGF-1 is responsible for stimulating the breakdown of proteins and carbohydrates, and increasing fat storage, leading to weight gain. Additionally, IGF-1 also increases appetite, which can contribute to further weight gain.
There are other hormones that can contribute to weight gain in acromegaly. These include cortisol, which is released in response to stress, and can lead to an increase in appetite and fat storage; and estrogen, which can cause increased fat storage in the abdomen.
It is important to note that weight gain in acromegaly is often not simply due to an increase in hormone levels, but rather because of lifestyle changes that can occur due to the condition. These include an increase in sedentary behavior, as well as an increase in appetite due to increased hunger caused by the hormones.
The best way to manage weight gain in acromegaly is to make lifestyle changes such as eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and getting enough sleep. Additionally, medications can be prescribed to help regulate growth hormone and IGF-1 levels.