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What Heart Conditions Are Hereditary?
The risk of certain heart conditions can be passed down from parent to child. These inherited heart conditions can have a major impact on a person's health and well-being, so it is important to be aware of the possibility that you or your child may be at risk.
Congenital Heart Disease
Congenital heart disease is a type of heart defect that is present at birth. It occurs when the structure of the heart or the blood vessels that supply the heart is not normal. It is the most common type of inherited heart condition, affecting around 8 in every 1,000 newborns.
Arrhythmias
Arrhythmias are problems with the rate or rhythm of the heartbeat. They can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetics. Some arrhythmias, such as long QT syndrome, can be caused by mutations in certain genes and can be passed from parent to child.
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a condition in which the heart muscle becomes thickened and can't pump blood effectively. It is usually inherited and can be caused by mutations in several different genes. It is estimated that up to 1 in 500 people may have this condition.
Coronary Artery Disease
Coronary artery disease is a narrowing of the coronary arteries, which supply the heart with oxygen-rich blood. It is usually caused by a build-up of fatty deposits in the walls of the arteries. Although it is usually caused by lifestyle factors such as diet and exercise, it can also be inherited.
Marfan Syndrome
Marfan syndrome is a genetic condition that can affect the heart, eyes, skeleton, and other organs. It is caused by a mutation in the FBN1 gene and is passed down in families. People with Marfan syndrome are at an increased risk of aortic dissection, a tear in the aorta that can be life-threatening.
Bicuspid Aortic Valve
The aortic valve is a valve between the heart and the aorta, the main artery that carries blood away from the heart. In people with a bicuspid aortic valve, the valve only has two leaflets instead of three. It is usually inherited and can lead to complications such as aortic stenosis and aortic regurgitation.
Inherited heart conditions can have a major impact on a person's health and quality of life, so it is important to be aware of the possibility that you or your child may be at risk. If you think you or your child may be at risk, talk to your doctor to discuss your options.