Atherosclerosis is a condition that affects the arteries in your body. It is caused by a buildup of plaque, or fatty deposits, on the walls of the arteries. Over time, the plaque hardens and narrows the arteries, reducing the blood flow to the organs and tissues in the body. This can lead to serious health problems, including heart attack, stroke, and other cardiovascular diseases.
What Causes Atherosclerosis?
Atherosclerosis is caused by a combination of factors, including genetics, lifestyle habits, and environmental factors. High cholesterol and high blood pressure are two of the most common risk factors for atherosclerosis. Smoking, diabetes, and obesity can also increase your risk.
What Are the Symptoms of Atherosclerosis?
Many people with atherosclerosis don't experience any symptoms until the condition has progressed to a more advanced stage. When symptoms do occur, they may include chest pain, fatigue, shortness of breath, and numbness or tingling in the extremities.
How Is Atherosclerosis Diagnosed?
Atherosclerosis is usually detected during a physical exam or medical tests such as an electrocardiogram (ECG) or an angiogram. Your doctor may also order blood tests to check your cholesterol levels and other markers.
How Is Atherosclerosis Treated?
Treatment for atherosclerosis focuses on reducing the risk of complications, such as a heart attack or stroke. This may include lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking and improving your diet, as well as medications to lower your cholesterol and blood pressure. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to open blocked arteries.