Colon polyps are small growths that develop on the lining of the colon or rectum. They are usually benign (noncancerous) but in some cases, they can become malignant (cancerous). If left untreated, polyps can lead to colon cancer, which can be deadly.
What Are the Symptoms of Colon Polyps?
Most colon polyps do not cause symptoms. However, some common signs of colon polyps include rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, and changes in bowel habits.
What Causes Colon Polyps?
The exact cause of colon polyps is not known. However, certain factors can increase your risk of developing polyps, including age, family history, and certain lifestyle factors such as smoking and a diet high in processed meats.
How Are Colon Polyps Diagnosed?
Colon polyps are typically diagnosed during a colonoscopy, a procedure in which a doctor looks inside the colon with a long, flexible tube. If polyps are found during the procedure, they can be removed.
What Happens if Colon Polyps Are Left Untreated?
If left untreated, colon polyps can become cancerous. Colon cancer is the third most common type of cancer in the United States and is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Without treatment, the cancer can spread to other parts of the body and become deadly.
How Can Colon Polyps Be Prevented?
The best way to prevent colon polyps is to get regular screenings. The American Cancer Society recommends that people at average risk of developing colon cancer begin colonoscopies at age 45 or earlier if they have risk factors, such as a family history of the disease. Additionally, making lifestyle changes such as eating a healthy diet and quitting smoking can reduce your risk of developing polyps.