Dystonia is a disorder of the muscle tone that can cause involuntary, sustained muscle contractions and repetitive movements or abnormal postures. Drug-induced dystonia is a side effect of certain medications and is a common cause of dystonia.
Medications used to treat psychiatric conditions, such as antipsychotics, are the most common drugs associated with causing dystonia. These medications block dopamine receptors in the brain, which can lead to movement disorders including dystonia. Antipsychotics, such as haloperidol and risperidone, are the most commonly associated drugs with dystonia.
Other medications that can cause dystonia include some anticonvulsants, such as phenytoin, as well as certain antibiotics, such as tetracycline and sulfonamides. These drugs can interfere with the metabolism of neurotransmitters in the brain, which can lead to dystonia.
In addition, certain over-the-counter (OTC) medications, such as antihistamines and decongestants, can cause dystonia. These drugs can affect the central nervous system and cause involuntary muscle contractions.
Finally, certain recreational drugs, such as amphetamines, cocaine, and ecstasy, can cause dystonia in some people. These drugs cause an increase in dopamine levels in the brain, which can lead to dystonia.
It is important to note that not everyone who takes these medications will experience dystonia as a side effect. However, if you experience any symptoms of dystonia while taking these medications, you should contact your healthcare provider immediately.
