Unstable angina (UA) is a type of chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart. It is a serious medical condition that requires immediate medical attention.
UA is usually caused by a narrowing of the coronary arteries, which supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart. This narrowing can be caused by the buildup of plaque, or fatty deposits, on the inner walls of the arteries. Over time, the deposits can become so thick that they partially or completely block the artery.
The symptoms of unstable angina are similar to those of other forms of angina, such as chest pain or pressure, nausea, sweating, and shortness of breath. However, these symptoms can be more frequent and severe than those of other forms of angina. In some cases, the pain may be so severe that it wakes a person from sleep. Unstable angina is also different from other forms of angina because it can occur without any exertion or physical activity.
If you experience any of the symptoms of unstable angina, it is important to seek medical attention right away. Your doctor will likely perform a physical exam, order tests such as an electrocardiogram (ECG) or echocardiogram (echo), and may recommend additional tests such as a stress test or coronary angiogram. Treatment for UA may include medications to improve blood flow, lifestyle changes, and/or surgery to open blocked arteries.
If you have been diagnosed with unstable angina, it is important to follow your doctor’s instructions and take your medications as prescribed. Making lifestyle changes to reduce your risk of heart disease, such as eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and quitting smoking, can also help to reduce your risk of having a heart attack or stroke.